An understanding of how movement can be created, using a modern viewer and images by Leonardo and Edweard Muybridge.

So in like manner if you wave a lighted brand (branch) its whole course will seem a ring of a flame... Leonardo da Vinci

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Leonardo pioneered the use of this early photographic device to capture a projected image.

... by transmitting the images of the bodies and colours of the things illuminated by the sun through a small round hole in a dark place on a smooth surface which is itself white. But everything will be upside down. Leonardo da Vinci

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